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| Bruce John Graham |
April 1, 1963 – “Chicago suffers from a
proliferation of negativism. Great cities are sparked by visions, and great
visions are sparked by optimism. Without
the energy of optimism to unify its citizens, without a collective dream of
what the city can become, Chicago’s greatness – its energy – will continue to
slowly fade away.” So begins an
editorial that architect Bruce J. Graham writes for the Chicago Tribune on the
first day of April in 1963. It was not
always so, Graham points out, using Daniel Burnham as a prime example. “Burnham’s was an abstract plan that
communicated a vision of the Beautiful City,” he writes, “one that would lift
hearts and spirits … His vision was inclusive, as broad as all Chicago, and its
logic persuasive.” Graham laments that
the city has strayed far from that vision.
“Physical Chicago is receding on all fronts,” Graham writes, “because
Chicagoans think only in terms of lots, properties and zoning regulations. We are focused on segments rather than on
systems … Political debates do not address whether additions to our urban
environment will benefit the city, but whether they will enhance the search for
power.” In perhaps his most damning
statement, the Skidmore, Owings and Merrill partner states, “Our downtown is
becoming irrational and thereby uglier, and our neighborhoods are a disaster … Opportunistic
and misguided ideas pervade our community and have run amok simply because
planning today is a defensive response to external forces. We are afraid of physical visions. We are afraid to climb that mountain that
might show us what we should be.” Graham
ends with a final plea, “It is time that we searched for a vision, jointly.”
April 1, 2001 – In the wake of the city council’s approval of the “Spaceship-Landing-in-a-Stadium” plan for Soldier Field the previous week, Chicago Tribune columnist Dennis Byrne lets off some steam. “Seems that no one is happy with the conversion of Soldier Field,” Byrne writes. “… the biggest hoo-hah comes from the city’s preservation and lakefront protection forces … but here’s the real irony. The truth is that the city came up with this spooky design, retaining the historic columns and outer walls, to try to satisfy preservationists and adaptive reuse champions … all that this fiddling with Soldier Field has gotten the city is a lot of headaches, and perhaps one of the silliest looking structures ever to hit town … Better that the city just said, the hell with it, there’s no satisfying these folks. We’re going to tear the whole thing down and build a stadium from scratch – one that looks, feels and functions like a Twenty-First Century stadium. Call it Soldier Field, and honor the veterans by making it better than the old, falling down one. Make it something worthy of a Twenty-First Century city whose glory remains the same can-do, risk-taking spirit that made it such a great Twentieth Century city. Anyone out there with the guts?” [Chicago Tribune, April 1, 2001]
April 1, 1935 -- The cornerstone of the Loop Orthodox Synagogue at 16-18 North Clark Street is laid at noon, the ceremony led by the president of the congregation, Louis A. Wittenberg. The new house of worship will occupy three floors above a restaurant and will hold a two-story auditorium holding 325 worshippers. This will be the second of four homes for the congregation, the first being on the ninth floor of a building at 6 North Clark, the original home of the congregation in 1929. The 1935 building was gutted on April 10, 1954 when the restaurant on the ground floor went up in flames as 5,000 people watched the 2-11 alarm fire. The congregation purchased that property on Clark Street in July of 1954, and construction began in March, 1955. During the building phase the sacred scrolls were moved up Clark Street in a solemn procession, and worship was held on the 21st floor of the Morrison Hotel, where today the Daley Center stands. The synagogue has undergone a fascinating transformation that mirrors the transformation of Chicago's downtown. Originally a "businessman's synagogue," with 1,000 members, drawing commuters who were already established members of their home synagogues, it today opens its doors to vacationers and out-of-town business people and provides a home congregation for all of the folks who have made downtown Chicago their home. Its Scholar in Residence program allows Jews of all denominations to join in a weekend of Jewish learning, and there are daily mid-day Bible study classes and Saturday Torah study classes as well.
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