Showing posts with label 1956. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 1956. Show all posts

Sunday, June 28, 2020

June 28, 1956 -- Pullman Gives Way to Borg-Warner on Michigan Avenue




June 28, 1956 – Using a golden hammer as 250 people look on, Champ Curry, the president of Pullman, Inc., chips the first piece of stone from the Pullman building at the southwest corner of Michigan Avenue and Adams Street.  The Speedway Wrecking Company will start razing the building in July to make way for the $12 million Borg-Warner building.  The demolition ceremony includes speeches by representatives of Pullman and Borg-Warner as well as the Los Angeles developers who will underwrite the cost of the new building. For more information on the Pullman building, turn to this entry in Connecting the Windy City.  The Pullman building is shown in the top photo and the Borg-Warner building that replaced it below that.



June 28, 1954 – The captured German submarine, the U-505, is towed by the Coast Guard tug Arundel to the Calumet Shipyard and Dry Dock Company on the Calumet River where engineers will begin preparing it for eventual display at the Museum of Science and Industry.  The submarine has been tied up at a dock next to Tribune tower for the previous three days. The engineer in charge of the project, Seth Gooder, says that the first step will be to pump the fuel oil out of the boat’s bunkers and steam clean them.  Then the sub will be moved to the American Shipbuilding Company on the Calumet River at One Hundred First Street for structural work.  It is anticipated that sometime between mid-July and mid-August the U-505 will be moved across Lake Shore Drive and on to the museum grounds.  An account of that move across Lake Shore Drive can be found here in Connecting the Windy City, and more information about the sub's proposed arrival in the city can be located here.  The above photo shows the captured German submarine tied up at a dock next to Tribune Tower prior to the boat's departure for repairs on the Calumet River.


June 28, 1951 – Big day at Sheridan Road and Diversey Boulevard as the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen begin to move into new headquarters at 2800 Sheridan Road.  Patrick E. Gorman, the Secretary-Treasurer of the union, says, “Our union of 250,000 retail butchers, sheep shearers, packing-house workers, and dozens of other craft workers in the industry needed a place to call ‘home.’  We hunted around for a location, one that would lend dignity both to our union and to Chicago.  We finally hit on the idea that the place for us was at Diversey and Sheridan, where a ramshackle building needed tearing down.”  [Chicago Daily Tribune, June 28, 1951]  The “ramshackle mansion” had a long history, originally constructed for Rudolph Schloesser, a banker, an associate of Potter Palmer, Marshall Field and George Pullman, who, after the Chicago fire of 1871 built one of the most impressive buildings in the city, the Schloesser block, that stood where Phillip Johnson’s and John Burgee’s 190 South LaSalle building stands today.  Later, Schloesser’s home gave way to other families, and then to a restaurant called the Maisonette Russe, ending its life as the campaign headquarters for Charles S. Dewey.  The new headquarters for the Amalgamated Meat Cutters will feature meeting rooms, a clubroom, a library, and executive offices.  Classical music will be piped through the rooms of the building at half-hour intervals and televisions will be located in the recreation and dining rooms.



June 28, 1864 – The members of the Chicago Packers’ Association agree on four resolutions at a meeting in the Tremont House.  They are as follows:

Resolved, That it is the sense of this association that the various stock yards of this city should be consolidated into one.

Resolved, That said yards should be conducted by a joint stock company, the stock of which should be accessible to all.

Resolved, That the said yards to meet the requirements of the different interests concerned ought to be located near the city limits of the South Division.

Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to confer with the committee of the Common Council in relation to the sanitary condition of the Chicago river, and that such joint committee examine each and every slaughter, rendering and packing establishment and their relation to the condition of the river.

In this same year of 1864 the Union Stockyards opened on 320 acres of swampland just southwest of the city, land that was purchased for $100,000.  Within five years the area would be incorporated into the city.  On July 20, 1974 the enterprise closed, 110 years after the four resolutions were adopted in the Tremont House on the southeast corner of Lake and Dearborn.

Sunday, June 21, 2020

June 21, 1956 -- Lake Shore Drive to Lose the "S" Curve




June 21, 1956 – The Chicago Plan Commission approves a 15 million-dollar plan that will eliminate the two 90-degree turns on the south approach to the Lake Shore Drive bridge over the Chicago River.  Engineering consultant Ralph Burke was commissioned in 1955 to undertake the engineering studies that would allow the project to move forward.  The main features of the plan he recommends include:  (1) filling in a portion of the lake about 200 feet from the shoreline so that a system of ramps will move traffic from Michigan Avenue at Oak Street onto Lake Shore Drive without an intersection; (2) Ramps will also be created for both Ohio and Ontario Streets at Lake Shore Drive, again through the use of Lake Michigan fill between the shore and the proposed water filtration plant north of Navy Pier with Ohio and Ontario becoming one-way streets east of Michigan Avenue; (3) Wacker Drive east of Michigan Avenue will be extended and double-decked between Michigan Avenue and Lake Shore Drive; (4) On and off ramps will be created to replace the intersections of Lake Shore Drive at Monroe, Jackson and Balbo; and (5) a “trestle structure” [Chicago Tribune, June 22, 1956] will be built to carry Lake Shore Drive to the east of the Naval armory, a building and dock space just to the southeast of Randolph Street.  In the black and white photo above the old Naval armory building is outlined in red.  The recent photo shows the roads as they got built with the site of the old Naval Armory in red. The old “T-intersections” at Ohio, Ontario, Randolph, Jackson and Balbo all remain.



June 21, 1926 – The City Council Committee on Railway Terminals receives the official estimate for the cost of straightening the Chicago River between Eighteenth Street and Polk.  The total comes to $9,852,062.  Close to $8,000,000 of that sum will be paid by the railroads.  This will be a huge project, but once the finances are in place the entire operation will take just one year to complete.  Seven railroads are involved, with property being sold between the railroads so that their yards might be consolidated and aligned with the street grid, a movement that will open up acres of property for development in the south Loop east of the river.  The above photo gives a good idea of the massive nature of the project.  For more information on this massive project you can go to this feature in Connecting the Windy City.   


chicagology.com
June 21, 1906 – The city’s official chemist, Hugo Jone, issues a warning about the explosive power of gasoline that is illegally stored in garages along “automobile row” on South Michigan Avenue, noting that a gallon of gasoline carries the explosive power of a pound of dynamite.  According to Jone, there is enough gasoline stored beneath public land along automobile row “to blow up every building, including residences, in the street.”  [Chicago Daily Tribune, June 22, 1906].  He is specific about the threat.  The Pardee-Ullman Company at 1218 Michigan Avenue has an illegal 280-gallon tank.  The William Herrick Company at 1841 Michigan Avenue has an 800-gallon tank.  The Bennett-Bird Company at 1470 Michigan Avenue has a 250-gallon tank.  The Oldsmobile Company at 1828 Michigan Avenue has a 500-gallon tank.  He goes on to name many other companies in violation of the law. A great majority of the firms have placed their tanks beneath adjacent sidewalks and streets on public property. Particularly perilous is the Walton Auto garage at 285 North State Street, which has a 260-gallon tank at a business that is surrounded on all sides by residential buildings.  The Tribune observes, “The strange failure of all sorts of city inspectors to see these tanks when they were being placed is still one of the mysteries of the city hall.”  An order is immediately rolled out that demands that all such establishments remove gasoline from their storage tanks by noon on June 22.  If such action is not taken, the city will pump out the gasoline and confiscate it.  The above photo shows Motor Row as it appeared along South Michigan Avenue in 1910.


Joseph Medill
June 21, 1894 – At a meeting of the Civic Federation, held at the Auditorium building, Joseph Medill, former Mayor of Chicago and owner of the Chicago Daily Tribune, addresses the group on a variety of topics.  Medill offers six “reforms” that he believes need to be instituted to “eventuate in valuable reforms of the municipal government and conduce to the welfare and happiness of the citizens.”  They are: (1) Make the Mayor ineligible to reelection at the expiration of his term.  A term, and out a term; (2) Establish a municipal service system on the lines of the Federal civil service system; (3) The police should be completely divorced from partisan politics. To insure this the police officers would be taken from both parties as nearly equal as practicable to start the system … No policeman should be dismissed from the force except for good cause.  His political leanings ought not to be considered … A partisan police force is only half a force.  It may be likened to a nuisance – an abomination; (4) The same rules for selection and qualification should be observed in appointing members of the Fire Department; (5) All clerks and accountants also should be selected by competitive examination on qualifications; the tests to be similar to those of the United States civil service; (6) All inspectors of work, of machines, and of material should be chosen for their expert knowledge, honesty, and capability, and be dismissed for lack of them in discharging their duties.”  Of the six reforms, Medill considers the first to be the most important.  “The Mayor must be freed from the reelection temptation,” he states. “He must be emancipated from the control of the ward politicians and scheming contracts and men with ‘pulls’. He must be protected from the malign influence of the ‘walking delegates’ of bummer politics and placed in a position where he can serve the people courageously and faithfully and let his future reputation rest on the excellence of the discharge of his duties as Mayor.” [Chicago Daily Tribune, June 22, 1894]

Saturday, February 9, 2019

February 9, 1956 -- Chicago Transit Authority Proposes Huge System Upgrade

chicagotribune.com
February 9, 1956 –The Chicago Transit Authority proposes seven additions to the system that could potentially cost as much as $127 million.  The proposal will be submitted to the CTA board, city officials and planning councils for consideration.  The first addition, costing over $16 million, would involve building an elevated line to O’Hare International Airport in the median of the Northwest Expressway, continuing along a proposed tollway extension west of Cicero Avenue.  The line would connect with the Milwaukee Avenue subway line near California Avenue.  Elevation of the Lake Street rapid transit line west of Laramie Avenue is also proposed. The abandonment of the Lake Street elevated line east of Kenton Avenue (4600 west) is also part of the plan.  Trains would run south from Kenton by way of a new route to Congress Street from where they would run east to meet the downtown subway. A fourth addition would see the extension of the south side elevated line from Sixty-Third Street and Prairie Avenue southeast 5.2 miles along South Chicago Avenue to Ninety-Second Street and Commercial Avenue.  This, along with the elimination of the Jackson Park spur, would cost about $12,610,000.  A fifth project would involve extending the Englewood elevated branch west from Sixty-Third Street and Loomis Avenue to Sixty-Third Street and Cicero, a distance of 4.25 miles.  Connecting to this Englewood extension would be a sixth project, a cross town route 10.8 miles in length by way of California and Western Avenues from the Northwest Expressway to the Englewood elevated.  Another cross town route would complete the proposed set of projects, a route of 12.25 miles from the Northwest Expressway at 4600 west to the proposed Englewood extension of the elevated at Sixty-Third Street. It is estimated that 170 new passenger cars will be needed to make the system run, at a cost of $9,350,000. The proposed changes are shown in the graphic above.


February 9, 2013 – The funeral for Hadiya Pendleton is held at the Greater Harvest Baptist Church, 5141 South State Street.  Pendleton died on January 29 at Harsh Park when a gunman fired into a group of bystanders.  Her death came just one week after she had participated with her majorette team in performances associated with the second inauguration of President Barack Obama. First Lady Michelle Obama meets privately with the family before the service and then walks with Cleopatra Pendleton, Hadiya’s mother, to the open casket at the front of the church and comforts her as the casket is closed in preparation for the funeral rites.  Also in attendance are Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, United States Representative Bobby Rush and the Reverend Jesse Jackson.  Many of Pendleton’s teammates and friends rise to speak of the times they shared with a friend who had become another one of the victims of the city’s gun violence.  Father Michael Pleger says that Pendleton is a tragic example of the “epidemic of violence causing funeral processions around the country.”  [Associated Press in Chicago, February 9, 2013] “Sisters and brothers, I beg you,” Fleger says.  “We must become like Jesus.  We must become the interrupters of funeral processions.”  The funeral program includes a handwritten note to the family from President Obama that reads, “Michelle and I just wanted you to know how heartbroken we are to have heard about Hadiya’s passing.  We know that no words from us can soothe the pain, but rest assured that we are praying for you, and that we will continue to work as hard as we can to end this senseless violence.”


February 9, 1890 – The Chicago Daily Tribune describes a ride in the Auditorium building’s elevator, opened for use the week before.  The “elevator man” is clearly pleased to be showing off the new device.  “We go at a pretty good clip,” he says.  “Our speed is 450 feet a minute.  This is the longest ‘lift’ in the world.”  [Chicago Daily Tribune, February 9, 1890] A guard takes tickets at the door to the rooftop, a place where a visitor finds “a sense of elation . . . with his feet on stone as solid as terra firma and walked about with a parapet waist high.”  It is a place where “Dante might stand . . . and fancy himself suspended at a comfortable distance over the Inferno.  Smoke, fog, and clouds combine in a debauch of murkiness.  Look to the east, the west, the south, and everywhere you see miles and miles of chimneys spouting smoke, and each one belching as if it feared to be surpassed by its fellows.”  Through the smoke the visitor sees little of the lake, but looking directly to the east he sees “what the railroad has left of the Lake Front Park—a narrow stretch of green embroidered with walks and lying between Michigan avenue and the parallel tracks of the Illinois Central … And all these cars and engines from this distance look like the toy trains that a boy amuses himself with on the nursery floor.”  Two floors above the observation roof are the offices of the federal weather bureau, nearing completion, with eight employees manning a variety of gauges and a map printing room.  Soon enough the visit is over and “Entering the elevator again the visitor shot downward eighteen stories, dropping from winter’s cold into sultry weather.”  The above photo shows the "parapet" that was open to the public just above the three arches that cap the windows of the tower.  The weather bureau would have occupied the space above that.


February 9, 1954 -- The Chicago Park Fair corporation names the architectural firms of Holabird & Root & Burgee and Ralph H. Burke to make a world-wide survey of convention and exhibit halls with an eye toward building the city's very own state-of-the-art convention hall. The non-profit corporation is funded with Cook County's share of the one percent tax on race track betting. Ground will be broken on the hall, McCormick Place, in 1958 with its completion coming two years later. It lasted seven years until a spectacular fire on a frigid night in 1967 destroyed the structure.

Wednesday, October 17, 2018

October 17, 1956 -- Chicago River Raises a Stink


October 17, 1956 –Mayor Richard J. Daley receives notice from the city’s air pollution control board that hydrogen sulphide gas form the north branch of the Chicago River has created a “critical condition on the northwest side that may require emergency action by the mayor.” [Chicago Daily Tribune, October 18, 1956] Phone lines are overwhelmed at the pollution control office as the director, Thomas H. Carey, reports the “complaints from home owners that the gas was polluting the air, attacking the paint on houses, and tarnishing silverware in homes.”  A city engineer assesses the dire situation, noting that it is the result of “unseasonable heat, low water levels because of a lack of rain, and a lack of wind to loft away the gas.”  Residents in the area between Caldwell and Milwaukee Avenues are experiencing the greatest hardship.  On the following day Chicago firefighters set up shop and, with assistance from the Niles fire department, begin pouring between 8,000 to 10,000 gallons of water per minute into the river, using six hose lines.  That isn’t enough for a dozen women from the neighborhood who make their way down to the mayor’s office, charging that “the stream has been polluted for months and that the pollution has caused illness among children and brought large rats to the neighborhood.” [Chicago Daily Tribune, October 20, 1956] The mayor’s office refers the women to the fire commissioner.


October 17, 1936 – Elma Lockwood “Ma” Streeter dies at the Cook County Hospital.  She was the daughter of Ashwood Lockwood who came to the area around today’s Elkhart, Indiana in 1839.  She was the indefatigable wife of George Washington “Cap” Streeter who in 1883 ran his boat, Reutan, aground on a sand bar about 450 off the shore east of what is today some of the most valuable real estate in the city.  As sand accumulated around the craft, he realized that it would be better to stay put and take advantage of a law allowing Civil War veterans to homestead on unclaimed land. The silting action of the lake had land piling up around the Reutan, and Streeter claimed it as his, declaring it the United States District of Lake Michigan or “the Deestrict.” Nearly two decades of run-ins with the law followed, and “Ma” Streeter watched it all as her husband was arrested, tried, convicted and set free only to repeat the process all over again.  In 1918, three years before her husband’s death, she reacted when hirelings of the Chicago Title and Trust Company burned the Streeter home to the ground.  She charged the group with a meat cleaver, and the men retreated. Her last indignity occurred in 1924 when she filed suit against property owners of “her” land, only to have the suit dismissed because Cap Streeter had been abandoned by his first wife but not divorced, so Ma Streeter’s marriage was declared invalid.  In the above photo "Ma" Streeter is shown on her houseboat just a year after her husband died.


October 17, 1933 – The first man to be jailed for attempted piracy on Lake Michigan is sentenced to six years in the federal penitentiary by Federal Judge James H. Wilkerson.  The United States District Attorney is able to show that the 28-year-old man, Joseph Pennick, boarded a boat at the Wrigley building and rode it to the Century of Progress World’s Fair on the lakefront.  On the return trip, at a point about a mile off Roosevelt Road, Pennick pulled out a revolver and ordered the pilot of the boat to surrender his cash.  The pilot, James M. Nester, and another passenger overpowered Pennick, but not before he got off two shots, one of which grazed the passenger’s head.  Pennick’s plea was that he had been drinking.

Thursday, June 28, 2018

June 28, 1956 -- Pullman Building Demolition Begins



June 28, 1956 –Using a golden hammer as 250 people gather to watch, Champ Curry, the president of Pullman, Inc., chips the first piece of stone from the Pullman building at the southwest corner of Michigan Avenue and Adams Street.  The Speedway Wrecking Company will start razing the building in July to make way for the $12 million Borg-Warner building.  The demolition ceremony includes speeches by representatives of Pullman and Borg-Warner as well as the Los Angeles developers who will underwrite the cost of the new building. For more information on the Pullman building, turn to this entry in Connecting the Windy City.  The Pullman building is shown in the top photo and the Borg-Warner building that replaced it below that.


June 28, 1951 – Big day at Sheridan Road and Diversey Boulevard as the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen begin to move into new headquarters at 2800 Sheridan Road.  Patrick E. Gorman, the Secretary-Treasurer of the union, says, “Our union of 250,000 retail butchers, sheep shearers, packing-house workers, and dozens of other craft workers in the industry needed a place to call ‘home.’  We hunted around for a location, one that would lend dignity both to our union and to Chicago.  We finally hit on the idea that the place for us was at Diversey and Sheridan, where a ramshackle building needed tearing down.”  [Chicago Daily Tribune, June 28, 1951]  The “ramshackle mansion” had a long history, originally constructed for Rudolph Schloesser, a banker, an associate of Potter Palmer, Marshall Field and George Pullman, who, after the Chicago fire of 1871 built one of the most impressive buildings in the city, the Schloesser block, that stood where Phillip Johnson’s and John Burgee’s 190 South LaSalle building stands today.  Later, Schloesser’s home gave way to other families, and then to a restaurant called the Maisonette Russe, ending its life as the campaign headquarters for Charles S. Dewey.  The new headquarters for the Amalgamated Meat Cutters will feature meeting rooms, a clubroom, a library, and executive offices.  Classical music will be piped through the rooms of the building at half-hour intervals and televisions will be located in the recreation and dining rooms.


June 28, 1864 – The members of the Chicago Packers’ Association agree on four resolutions at a meeting in the Tremont House.  They are as follows:

Resolved, That it is the sense of this association that the various stock yards of this city should be consolidated into one.

Resolved, That said yards should be conducted by a joint stock company, the stock of which should be accessible to all.

Resolved, That the said yards to meet the requirements of the different interests concerned ought to be located near the city limits of the South Division.

Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to confer with the committee of the Common Council in relation to the sanitary condition of the Chicago river, and that such joint committee examine each and every slaughter, rendering and packing establishment and their relation to the condition of the river.

In this same year of 1864 the Union Stockyards opened on 320 acres of swampland just southwest of the city, land that was purchased for $100,000.  Within five years the area would be incorporated into the city.  On July 20, 1974 the enterprise closed, 110 years after the four resolutions were adopted in the Tremont House on the southeast corner of Lake and Dearborn.


Wednesday, February 7, 2018

February 7, 1956 -- Morton Salt Announces New Headquarters Building



February 7, 1956 – Morton Salt Company announces that its intention to build a new four-story office building in the block bounded by Wacker Drive, Washington and Randolph Streets and the Chicago River.  The company expects to use the first floor and a portion of the second and lease the rest of the building. This will provide 55,000 square feet of office space, compared to the 37,000 square feet the company now occupies at two separate locations, 120 South LaSalle Street and the Merchandise Mart.  The design will come from Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, Inc. and will consist of reinforced concrete construction with the main entrance and lobby of the building in the middle of the block on Wacker Drive.  Morton Salt was founded in Chicago in 1848 and had its first offices at Clark and Washington Streets.  In 1896 the company erected its first real office building, a replica of the old Boston statehouse, that sat on the south side of the Chicago River just west of today’s Lake Shore Drive.  The new headquarters building on the river would be finished in 1958 and is again in the news because it is about to be demolished to make room for a glassy skyscraper designed by Goettsch Partners that will include a 45-foot wide Riverwalk passing beneath its western face.


February 7, 1968 – Nine people are killed when a fire and explosion completely wrecks the offices of Mickelberry’s Food Procucts Company at 301 West Forty-Ninth Place.  The conflagration apparently begins when a Harrigan Oil Company gasoline truck moving through the alley behind the plant scrapes a steel garbage container, knocking the shut-off valve from the truck’s discharge pipe and sending gasoline into the basement of the plant where the boiler ignites it.  Fire fighters on the roof of the building are in the process of removing 15 to 20 employees of the plant from that location when a tremendous explosion rips the building, toppling ladders and fire fighters and sending those on the roof through the air.  More than 30 of the 79 people who are injured are neighborhood kids who hear the sirens and come running to see the excitement.  The 9-11 alarm fire brings to the scene 26 engines, five hook and ladder trucks, three snorkels, five rescue squads, ten ambulances, and seven hazardous chemical units.  Tragically, four fire fighters from Truck 18 are killed – Firemen Edward Keifker, Chales Bottger, Thomas Collins, and Captain John J. Fisher, Sr.


February 7, 1943 -- The sky falls when Michael "Hinky Dink" Kenna misses his first Sunday afternoon pre-election meeting of the First Ward Democratic club in 46 years. The 5' 1" Kenna, who, along with "Bathhouse" John Coughlin, ran the most notoriously wicked, graft-driven ward in the city, controlled "The Levee" for another three years until his death at 89 in October of 1946. John Budinger, who had been chosen to replace Kenna on the City Council said of the "empty chair" at the meeting, "When our leader called me in and told me I had the privilege of being his candidate for alderman, it was the grandest thrill that ever happened to me." Chief Bailiff Albert J. Horan assured Budinger that he would have no trouble winning the seat, one way or another. He said, "We are not afraid of cries of investigation, for we are as open as babes in their mother's arms."